What does the term "superstructure" refer to in building construction?

The term "superstructure" in building construction specifically refers to the portion of a building that is above the foundation, which includes the walls, floors, and roof. This section is essential in defining a building's physical presence and structural integrity. The superstructure ensures not only that the building stands upright and supports its roof and upper floors but also that it can withstand environmental pressures such as wind and seismic activity.

In contrast, the other options describe different aspects of construction. The base layer pertains to the foundational elements that are critical but are below ground level, while the inner workings of a building typically refer to mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems, which are not part of the superstructure. Finally, landscaping involves the design and maintenance of the outdoor areas surrounding a building, which, while important for aesthetics and functionality, is unrelated to the structural components of the building itself.